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    <loc>https://www.jeremycohenecologist.com/research</loc>
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    <lastmod>2026-07-06</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Research - Extreme weather over short time scales</image:title>
      <image:caption>Extreme weather events that take place over months, weeks or even days, such as heat waves, cold snaps, and drought and increasing in frequency and intensity. We use a combination of distribution modeling, movement analysis, and bioacoustics to explore how diverse North American bird species are responding to extreme weather across seasons. By examining how responses vary across functional trait guilds, we can anticipate which species are most likely to be at risk. In an ongoing collaboration with a colleague at Berkeley and the USGS and USFWS, we are exploring how individual animals move in response to extreme weather events. Other ongoing will is exploring how populations vary in their responses to extreme weather within species. Cohen, J., Fink, D., Zuckerberg, B. 2020. Avian responses to extreme weather across functional traits and temporal scales. Global Change Biology, 26(8), 4240-4250. PDF Cohen, J., Fink, D., Zuckerberg, B. 2021. Extreme winter weather disrupts bird occurrence and abundance patterns at geographic scales. Ecography, 44, 1143-1155. PDF Cohen, J. , Fink, D., Zuckerberg, B. 2023. Spatial and seasonal variation in thermal sensitivity within North American bird species. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 290(2010), 20231398.</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f9f0d1fbb5e48468ab661cc/babac12a-abee-4553-8ec6-bf094a0990b5/brownanole.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research - Shifting in space and time under climate change</image:title>
      <image:caption>Using a novel approach we developed to estimate trends from citizen science data while accounting for human observer bias, we found that across hundreds of species of North American birds, most species experienced several degrees of warming over the past 20 years despite moving north, but movement was strongly associated with limiting exposure. Further work has revealed that most taxonomic groups have undergone elevational range shifts, especially in the tropics, while poleward shifts are exclusive to highly mobile birds and butterflies in temperate zones. In older work, we showed that phenological responses to climate change are inversely related to body mass and are more closely related to temperature change in temperate zones and precipitation in the subtropics. Cohen, J. and Jetz, W. 2025. Geographic redistributions are insufficient to mitigate the erosion of species’ environmental niches. Nature Ecology &amp; Evolution, 9, 1234–1244. Cohen, J. and Jetz, W. 2023. Strategies of seasonal environmental niche tracking at hemispheric scale. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 32(9), 1549-1560. Cohen, J., Lajeunesse, M., Rohr, J. 2018. A global synthesis of animal phenological responses to climate change. Nature Climate Change, 8, 224-228. PDF</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5f9f0d1fbb5e48468ab661cc/cdb040b4-e381-4edc-aecc-cee3e1ff0046/scissorgo.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research - Understanding Biodiversity Patterns at Continental Scales</image:title>
      <image:caption>We modeled the seasonal distributions of over 650 North American bird species to understand biodiversity patterns and further conservation efforts in conjunction with the 30x30 initiative to conserve 30% of land and water by 2030. Based off that work, we explored how coarse-resolution models bias biodiversity predictions in heterogenous regions and for habitat specialist species especially during the breeding season. In soon-to-be-published work, we are exploring how the use of extreme weather risk in species distribution models influences predictions especially at range edges as well as continental biodiversity predictions. Cohen, J., Ellis-Soto, D., Sharma, S., La Sorte, F., Jetz, W. Extreme weather risk shrinks species’ range boundaries and alters biodiversity predictions. In revisions at Global Change Biology. Preprint. Cohen, J. and Jetz, W. Fine-grain predictions are key to accurately represent continental-scale biodiversity patterns. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 34(1), e13934. Cohen, J. *, Gabor, L.*, Moudry, V., Jetz, W. (*equal first authors). Assessing the applicability of binary land-cover variables to species distribution models across multiple grains. Landscape Ecology, 39(66)</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Research - Climate change influences outbreaks of deadly wildlife diseases</image:title>
      <image:caption>Climate change and emerging infectious diseases are two concurrent crises that are likely linked. Using both lab and field-collected data, we repeatedly found that cold-adapted wildlife hosts experienced greatest disease risk under unusually warm conditions, while warm-adapted hosts were at greatest risk when it was unusually cool. We extended this framework to predict disease outbreaks across a wide variety of wildlife species and project global shifts in wildlife disease risk under global change. Cohen, J., Sauer, E.L., Santiago, O., Spencer, S., Rohr, J.R. 2020. Divergent impacts of warming weather on wildlife disease risk across climates. Science, 370, eabb1702. PDF Cohen, J., McMahon, T., Ramsay, C... [additional authors] 2019. Impacts of thermal mismatches on disease prevalence are moderated by life stage, body size, elevation, and latitude. Ecology Letters, 22(5), 817-825. PDF Cohen, J., Civitello, D., Venesky, M., McMahon, T., Rohr, J.R. 2019. An interaction between climate change and infectious disease drove widespread amphibian declines. Global Change Biology, 25(3), 927-937. PDF Cohen, J., Venesky, M., Sauer, E., Civitello, D., McMahon, T., Roznik, B., Rohr, J. 2017. The thermal mismatch hypothesis explains outbreaks of an emerging infectious disease. Ecology Letters, 20 (2), 184-193. PDF</image:caption>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.jeremycohenecologist.com/people</loc>
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      <image:title>People - Jeremy Cohen, PhD - Principal Investigator</image:title>
      <image:caption>I am a spatial ecologist and quantitative global change biologist who works with big ecological and remote sensing datasets to ask how and why species and communities are reacting to changing environments from regional to global scales. I intersect ecology, geospatial science, data science and machine learning to explore the drivers of changing wildlife distributions, biodiversity patterns, movement strategies, phenological activity and host-parasite interactions under human pressures. Previously, I was an Associate Research Scientist at Yale University (2021-26), a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Wisconsin-Madison (2018-20), and a PhD student and postdoc at the University of South Florida (2011-16 PhD, 2017 -18 postdoc). I’m also an avid birder, wildlife photographer and a big Yankees/Knicks/Islanders fan (and a football team with green/white colors that no longer deserves a mention). I have a three year old who can already ID five bird species by sound.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>People - Toulouse and Quentin</image:title>
      <image:caption>Lab mascots and best friends</image:caption>
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    <loc>https://www.jeremycohenecologist.com/publications</loc>
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      <image:title>Publications - Peer-reviewed research publications</image:title>
      <image:caption>§ = dissertation chapter; ¥ = postdoctoral project; * = advised undergraduate student; &amp; = advised graduate student In review Cohen, J., Ellis-Soto, D., Sharma, S., La Sorte, F., Jetz, W. Extreme weather risk shrinks species’ range boundaries and alters biodiversity predictions. In revisions at Global Change Biology. Preprint. Aleuy, A., Brown, E., Cohen, J., Rohr, J. Density of hosts and density-dependent pathogens are highest at the core of species ranges. In revisions at Nature Communications. Preprint. Benard, M., Anderson, T., Arietta, A., Cohen, J., et al. Phenology and climate change: Insights and lessons from amphibians. 2026 36. Ellis-Soto, D., Noble, D.W., Arnold, P.A., Pottier, P. … Cohen, J. Extreme heat as the new normal: A methodological roadmap for behaviour, physiology, and species distributions. Preprint. In press at Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology. Contribution: Ideas, data compilation, data analysis, writing 35. Mäkinen, J., Cohen, J., Jetz, W. Model-based data integration improves species distribution models for data-deficient and narrow-ranged hummingbird species. Diversity and Distributions, 32(3): e70157. Featured on issue cover. Media coverage at Yale BGC Center. 2025 34.    Lu, M., Yanco, S., Carlson, B., Winner, K., Cohen, J., et al. Scaling ecological niches from individuals to populations and beyond. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 122(35), e2425582122. 33.    Cohen, J.¥ and Jetz, W. 2025. Geographic redistributions are insufficient to mitigate the erosion of species’ environmental niches. Nature Ecology &amp; Evolution, 9, 1234–1244. Featured in News &amp; Views. Media coverage at YaleNews, The Wildlife Society, Conservation Corridor, Earth.com. 32.    Kirkpatrick, W., Sauer, E., Carroll, R., Cohen, J., et al. Critical reproductive behaviors in Scaled Quail and Northern Bobwhite are affected by thermal variability and mean temperature. Journal of Thermal Biology, 104054. 31.    Cohen, J.¥ and Jetz, W. Fine-grain predictions are key to accurately represent continental-scale biodiversity patterns. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 34(1), e13934. 30.    Kirk, D., Cohen, J., Nguyen, V., et al. Impacts of weather anomalies and climate on plant disease. Ecology Letters, 28: e70062. 2024 29.    Morrison, M.&amp;, Cohen, J., Gurarie, E., Van Deelen, T.R. Environmental drivers and fitness consequences of short-distance migration under climate change.  Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, 15(1): 216–227. 28.    La Sorte, F., Cohen, J., Jetz, W. Data coverage, biases, and trends in a global citizen-science resource for monitoring avian diversity. Diversity and Distributions, 30, e13863. Featured on issue cover. 27.    Sauer, E.L., Venesky, M.D., McMahon, T.A., Cohen, J., et al. Are novel or locally adapted pathogens more devastating and why? Resolving opposing hypotheses. Ecology Letters, 27(5), e14431. 26.    Rohr, J.R., Mahon, M.B., Sack, A., …Cohen, J., et al. A meta-analysis on global change drivers and the risk of infectious disease. Nature, 2024(5), 1-7. 25.   Cohen, J. *, Gabor, L.*, Moudry, V., Jetz, W. (*equal first authors). Assessing the applicability of binary land-cover variables to species distribution models across multiple grains. Landscape Ecology, 39(66). 2020-2023 24.  Cohen, J. ¥, Fink, D., Zuckerberg, B. 2023. Spatial and seasonal variation in thermal sensitivity within North American bird species. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 290(2010), 20231398. 23. Cohen, J. ¥ and Jetz, W. 2023. Strategies of seasonal environmental niche tracking at hemispheric scale. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 32(9), 1549-1560. 22. Gilbert, N., McGinn, K., Nunes, L., Shipley, A., Bernath-Plaisted, J., Clare, J., Murphy, P., Keyser, S., Thompson, K., Maresh Nelson, S., Cohen, J.M., Widick, I., Bartel, S., Orrock, J., Zuckerberg, B. 2022. Daily activity patterns as an emerging means to explore ecological processes. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 38(4), P324-336. 21.  Cohen, J.¥, Fink, D., Zuckerberg, B. 2021. Extreme winter weather disrupts bird occurrence and abundance patterns at geographic scales. Ecography, 44, 1143-1155. PDF 20. Rohr, J.R. and Cohen, J. 2020. Understanding how temperature shifts could impact infectious disease. PLoS Biology, 18(11): e3000938. PDF 19. Cohen, J.¥, Sauer, E.L., Santiago, O.*, Spencer, S.*, Rohr, J.R. 2020. Divergent impacts of warming weather on wildlife disease risk across climates. Science, 370, eabb1702. PDF 18.  Shocket, M.S., Verwillow, A.B., Numazu, M.G., Slamani, H., Cohen, J., El-Moustaid, F., Rohr, J.R., Johnson, L.R., Mordecai, E.A. 2020. Transmission of West Nile and five other temperate mosquito-borne viruses peaks at temperatures between 23-26ºC. eLife, 2020; 9:e58511. PDF 17.  Zuckerberg, B., Cohen, J., Nunes, L., Bernath-Plaisted, J., Clare, J., Gilbert, N., Kozidis, S., Nelson, S., Shipley, A., Thompson, K., Desrochers, A. 2020. A review of overlapping landscapes: a violation of statistical independence or a red herring in landscape ecology? Current Landscape Ecology Reports, 2020: 1-9. PDF 16. Cohen, J.¥, Fink, D., Zuckerberg, B. 2020. Avian responses to extreme weather across functional traits and temporal scales. Global Change Biology, 26(8), 4240-4250. PDF 15.  Sauer, E.L., Cohen, J., McMahon, T., Lajeunesse, M., Civitello, D.J., Knutie, S.A., Nguyen, K., Roznik, E.A., Sears, B., Bessler, S., Delius, B., Halstead, N., Ortega, N., Venesky, M.D., Young, S., Rohr, J.R. 2020. A meta-analysis reveals temperature, dose, life stage, and taxonomy influence host susceptibility to a fungal parasite. Ecology, 101(4), e02979. Featured on cover. PDF 2013-2019 14.  Johansson, M.A., Apeldorf, K.M., Dobson, S., Devita, J., Buczak, A., Baugher, B., Moniz, L.J. …. Cohen, J., et al. 2019. An open challenge to advance probabilistic forecasting for dengue epidemics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(48), 24268-24274. PDF 13.  Rohr, J.R. Civitello, D., Cohen, J., Roznik, B., Sinervo, B., Dell, A. 2019. Different metrics of thermal acclimation yield similar effects of latitude, acclimation duration, and body mass on acclimation capacities. Global Change Biology, 25, e3-e4. PDF 12. Cohen, J.¥, McMahon, T., Ramsay, C., Roznik, E.A., Sauer, E.L., Bessler, S., Civitello, D.J., Delius, B., Halstead, N., Knutie, S.A., Nguyen, K., Ortega, N., Sears, B., Venesky, M.D., Young, S., Rohr, J.R. 2019. Impacts of thermal mismatches on disease prevalence are moderated by life stage, body size, elevation, and latitude. Ecology Letters, 22(5), 817-825. Featured on cover. PDF 11.  Cohen, J.§, Civitello, D., Venesky, M., McMahon, T., Rohr, J.R. 2019. An interaction between climate change and infectious disease drove widespread amphibian declines. Global Change Biology, 25(3), 927-937. PDF 10.  Rohr, J.R., Civitello, D., Cohen, J., Roznik, B., Sinervo, B., Dell, A. 2018. The complex drivers of thermal acclimation and breadth in ectotherms. Ecology Letters, 21(9), 1425-1439. Featured on cover. PDF 9.  Cohen, J.§, Lajeunesse, M., Rohr, J. 2018. A global synthesis of animal phenological responses to climate change. Nature Climate Change, 8, 224-228. PDF 8. Johnson, L.R., Gramancy, R.B., Cohen, J., Mordecai, E., Murdock, C., Rohr, J.R., Ryan, S.J., Stewart, A.M., Weikel, D. 2018. Phenomenological forecasting of disease incidence: a dengue case study. The Annals of Applied Statistics, 12(1), 27-66. PDF 7.  Mordecai, E., Cohen, J., Evans, M., Gudapati, P., Johnson, L., Miazgowicz, K., Murdock, C., Rohr, J., Ryan, S., Savage, V., Shocket, M., Stewart, A., Thomas, M., Weikel, D. 2017. Detecting the impact of temperature on transmission of Zika, dengue, and chikungunya using mechanistic models. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 11, e0005568. PDF 6.  Cohen, J.§, Venesky, M., Sauer, E., Civitello, D., McMahon, T., Roznik, B., Rohr, J. 2017. The thermal mismatch hypothesis explains outbreaks of an emerging infectious disease. Ecology Letters, 20 (2), 184-193. Featured on cover, Featured in Nature: Sohn Hothouse of disease 543: S44–S46. PDF 5.  Cohen, J.§, Civitello, D., Brace, A., Feichtinger, E., Ortega, N., Richardson, J., Sauer, E.L., Rohr, J. 2016. Spatial scale modulates the strength of ecological processes driving disease distributions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113, E3359-E3364. Selected as best student paper of 2015-2016 academic year by the Ecological Society of America disease section. PDF 4.  Civitello, D., Cohen, J., Fatima, H., Halstead, N., Liriano, J., McMahon, T., Ortega, N., Sauer, E., Sehgal, T., Young, S., Rohr, J. 2015. Reply to Salkeld et al.: Diversity-disease patterns are robust to study design, selection criteria, and publication bias. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112, E6262. PDF 3.  Civitello, D., Cohen, J., Fatima, H., Halstead, N., Liriano, J., McMahon, T., Ortega, N., Sauer, E., Sehgal, T., Young, S., Rohr, J. 2015. Biodiversity inhibits natural enemies: broad evidence for the dilution effect. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112, 8667-8671. Showcased by commentaries in PNAS and Science. PDF 2.  O’Brien, D.T., Norton, C., Cohen, J., Wilson, D.S. 2014. Local adaptation in community perception: how background impacts judgments of neighborhood safety. Environment and Behavior, 46, 213-240. PDF 1.  Li, Y., Cohen, J., Rohr, J.R. 2013. A review and synthesis of the effects of climate change on amphibians. Integrative Zoology, 8, 145-161. PDF</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Teaching and Outreach - Teaching</image:title>
      <image:caption>At Rutgers, I will be teaching Ornithology each spring and an in-the-works quantitative course each fall- stay tuned! Previously, at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, I led Climate Change Ecology, an upper-level and graduate course covering the impacts of climate change on wildlife. At the University of South Florida, I taught Biology Skills, an innovative online course in which students were given a dataset and asked to make figures, tables, and eventually write a paper and conduct peer review. Previously, I taught Introductory Biology II and Introductory Biology for Non-majors as a Teaching Assistant at USF and Binghamton University (as an undergraduate).</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Teaching and Outreach - Public Outreach</image:title>
      <image:caption>The core outreach program maintained by the lab is bird walks geared to the public in New Jersey (Middlesex and Somerset counties), through partnerships with NJ Audubon and Duke Farms. These walks focus on developing birding skills- identification of North American birds by sight and sound. Walks currently take place at Scherman-Hoffman Wildlife Sanctuary (monthly), the Rutgers Ecological Preserve (biweekly during spring or fall migration) and Duke Farms (seasonal). Stay tuned for additional dates. The lab routinely provides photography (free of charge) to other researchers for use in figures, presentations, news articles, or for journal cover submissions, with 15 covers to date.</image:caption>
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      <image:caption>Climate change ecology is an exciting and rapidly developing field, and our results often grab headlines “Cohen, J. and Jetz, W. 2025. Fine-grain predictions are key to accurately represent continental-scale biodiversity patterns.” The Wildlife Society: The finer side of predicting biodiversity patterns. 1/20/2025. Yale BGC Center: High-resolution models most accurately capture bird biodiversity patterns, new study finds. 1/6/2025. Rohr, J.R., Mahon, M.B., Sack, A., …Cohen, J., et al. 2024. “A meta-analysis on global change drivers and the risk of infectious disease.” New York Times: Environmental Changes Are Fueling Human, Animal and Plant Diseases, Study Finds. 5/8/2024 Washington Post: How climate change is raising the risks of another pandemic. 5/8/2024 The Guardian: Biodiversity loss is biggest driver of infectious disease outbreaks, says study. 5/8/2024 Notre Dame Newswire: As humans change the globe, they also influence the transmission of diseases, an extensive study in Nature shows. 5/8/2024 Cohen, J. and Jetz, W. 2023. “Strategies of seasonal environmental niche tracking at hemispheric scale.” YaleNews: Study reveals how birds track environmental conditions across the seasons. 7/19/2023 The Wildlife Society: Small, Migratory Birds may be Vulnerable to Climate Change. 8/21/2023 Technology Networks: Migratory Bird Study Could Identify Species Most at Risk From Climate Change. 7/20/2023 Futurity: How birds track their weather ‘niche’. 7/21/2023 Tech Explorist: Birds track environmental conditions seasonally. 7/20/2023 Cohen, J., Fink, D., Zuckerberg, B. 2021. “Extreme winter weather disrupts bird occurrence and abundance patterns at geographic scales.” UW-Madison News: Polar vortex, winter heat may change bird populations. 6/3/2021 The Wildlife Society: Winter weather extremes may kill off bird populations 6/3/2021 Environmental News Network: Polar Vortex, Winter Heat May Change Bird Populations. 6/4/2021 Cohen, J., Sauer, E., Santiago, O., Spencer, S., Rohr, J.R. 2020. “Divergent impacts of warming weather on wildlife disease risk across climates.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: Climate change hastens disease spread across the globe. 2/9/2022 Reuters: Wildlife diseases poised to spread northwards as climate changes: study. 11/19/2020 MSN: Climate Change Will Push Wildlife Diseases Further Up North, Warns New Study. 11/20/2020 Yahoo news: Wildlife diseases poised to spread northwards as climate changes - study. 11/20/2020 The Wildlife Society: Changing climate may worsen wildlife disease outbreaks. 12/1/2020 Japan times: Wildlife diseases poised to spread northwards as climate changes. 11/20/2020 India times: Climate Change Will Push Wildlife Diseases Further Up North, Warns New Study. 11/21/2020 Cohen, J., Fink, D., Zuckerberg, B. 2020. “Avian responses to extreme weather across functional traits and temporal scales.” NASA Earth: How Birds Respond to Extreme Weather. 8/19/2020 (extended version at NASA Earthdata) eBird: eBird data suggests not all North American birds can beat the heat. 9/4/2020 The Wildlife Society: Bird numbers change with the weather. 9/4/2020 UW-Madison news: Understanding how birds respond to extreme weather can inform conservation efforts. 8/21/2020 Inside ecology: Understanding how birds respond to extreme weather can inform conservation efforts. 8/24/2020 Wisconsin Public Radio interview: 9/17/2020 Cohen, J., Lajeunesse, M., Rohr, J. 2018. “A global synthesis of animal phenological responses to climate change.” National Wildlife Magazine: Out of Sync: As climate change shifts the timing of life-cycle events, mismatches between species threaten wildlife from whales to birds and butterflies. 3/31/2023 National Geographic: Some animals can adapt to climate change—just not fast enough. 8/19/2019 E&amp;E News: Animals change behavior as temperatures rise. 2/6/2018 Innovation Toronto: Entire ecosystems are being thrown out of whack by changing weather patterns. Florida Climate Institute: Nature's Delicate Balancing Act. 2/5/2018 Mordecai, E., Cohen, J., et al. 2017. “Predicting human cases of Zika, dengue and chikungunya using mechanistic temperature models.” Reuters: Move over malaria: Mosquitoes carrying Zika, dengue may thrive in warmer Africa. 9/21/2017 Orlando Sentinel: Zika Update: USF, Sanford publish new findings. 5/19/2017 NPR: Will Climate Change Help Ticks And Mosquitoes Spread Disease? 4/21/2017 NBC Bay Area: Stanford Researchers Examine How Warming Temps May Help Spread Mosquito-Borne Diseases. 5/3/2017 ABC Action News: 'Mosquito fish' could help you prevent a Zika outbreak in the Tampa Bay region. 5/12/2017 Cohen, J., et al. 2016. “Spatial scale modulates the strength of ecological processes driving disease distributions.” News-Medical: Diverse ecological processes at different spatial scales may drive three emerging disease outbreaks. 5/31/2016 Civitello, D., Cohen, J., et al. 2015. “Biodiversity inhibits natural enemies: broad evidence for the dilution effect.” NPR: Save Wildlife, Save Yourself? 6/26/2015 Take Part: Saving Wildlife Is Good for Your Health. 6/19/2015 Earth Island Journal: Biodiversity Limits Disease Outbreaks Among Humans and Wildlife. 8/31/2015</image:caption>
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